
July was renamed for Julius Caesar, the Roman emperor born in this month - originally, it was known by the Latin Quintilis (meaning 'fifth'). It is the fourth of seven Gregorian months, with 31 days. July's birthstone is the ruby and its traditional flowers are the water lily and the larkspur. July always begins on the same day of the week as July in leap years, and on the same day as April every year. In the Southern Hemisphere, July is the second month of winter.
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July 2 On this day in ancient times, the citizens of Rome celebrated the Feast of Expectant Mothers. At temples throughout the city, all pregnant women gathered to receive blessings and honour Bona Dea, Carmenta, Lucina, and other goddesses associated with birth and fertility.
July 5 In ancient Egypt, this day was held sacred to Maat, the goddess of truth and wisdom.
July 6 This is a day sacred to all horned goddesses of the ancient Pagan religions: Europa, Hathor, Hera, Io, Ishtar, Isis, Nephthys, Selene, and so forth.
July 8 On this date in ancient Rome, a nature festival known as the Nonae Caprotinae (Nones of the Wild Figs) was held in honour of the goddess Juno, the Great Mother. It is believed to be one of the oldest of the women's festivals.
July 9 In ancient Greece, a six-day festival called the Panathenaea began on this day every four years. It was held in honour of the goddess Athena. On this day, Pagans around the world celebrate the divine birthdays of the wine and fertility god Dionysus and the Earth goddess Rhea.
July 11 In ancient Greece, the deities Kronos (Father Time) and Rhea (Mother Earth) were honoured on this date with an annual religious festival called the Kronia, which took place in the city of Athens.
July 12 According to an age-old superstition, a child who comes into the world on the twelfth day of July ("the luckiest day of the year") will be destined for a life of wealth and great success.
July 23 The festival of Neptunalia was celebrated annually on this date in ancient Rome to honour Neptune, the lord of the sea.
July 28 In the days of Pagan Europe, the god Thor was honoured on this day with prayers for protection of the crops against storms. |